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The scope of things: Life under the ice

1/30/2026

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​Things were very quiet in the woods as the cold and snow set in. On a whim I decided to take a few water samples and put them under the microscope. This meant breaking some ice to get to the actual water. To my delight, I discovered a lot of activity.
One sample yielded a paramecium party. The screen was filled with small organisms zooming around like bumper cars.
​
Paramecia are often abundant in stagnant basins and ponds, according to Wikipedia.

“A paramecium is a free-living, motile, single-cell (unicellular) organism belonging to the kingdom Protista that are naturally found in aquatic habitats. They have a lifespan of a hundred, a thousand or even a million years,” said a post on www.sciencefacts.net.

The post said that paramecia travel using their cilia. It also explained the bumper car-like movements.
​
“The coordinated action of cilia propels the organism forward in a counterclockwise fashion.

The Paramecium spirals through the water as it progresses.

On hitting an obstacle, it reverses the beat of cilia to swim backward for a brief time before resuming its forward progress.

​If it runs into an obstacle again, it repeats this process, until it can get past the object,” continued the post. 
​In another water sample, I came upon a funnel shaped critter known as a stentor.

Stentor (previously known as "trumpet animalcules") is a genus of trumpet-shaped, ciliated protists common to most of the world, according to a post on Wikipedia.
​
“A stentor is a single-celled freshwater protozoan belonging to the phylum Ciliophora, commonly found in ponds and slow-moving water bodies,” said a post on biologyinsights.com.
​“Its trumpet or horn shape can extend significantly when attached to a surface…. The stentor primarily exists in an attached state, using its holdfast to anchor to submerged plants or debris. However, these organisms are also capable of detaching and swimming freely, at which point they typically assume a more oval or pear shape,” the post explained.
​
The post went on to mention that the stentor has a remarkable ability to regenerate lost body parts.
Meanwhile, other samples pulled from the icy waters revealed a critter that I had seen before, a rotifer.

I likened the rotifer’s look like a walrus with two mouths that rotate.
​
“Rotifers are commonly known as wheel animals  …the name ‘rotifer’ derives from a Neo-Latin word meaning ‘wheel-bearer’ due to their characteristic ciliated crowns that resemble rotating wheels.

​These cilia are used for both locomotion and feeding,” said a post on animalfact.com .

​Rotifers are mostly found in freshwater habitats, according to the post.
“Rotifers primarily filter-feed on algae, bacteria, protozoans, phytoplankton, and organic detritus ... They modify their feeding behavior depending on environmental conditions and prey abundance,” the post explained.
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Paramecia
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Stentor
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Rotifer
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Diatom
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Diatoms
​More samples displayed a variety of diatoms. These stunning artistic diatoms belong to a very large genera of algae. 
​
It was nice to have some photo subjects who weren't frozen. It was good to know that while some woodland creatures are sleeping, others are busy surviving under the ice. That's the nature of things 'round here. 


See some of Nature of Things writer, Anna Applegate's work ate Nature Art Showcase.
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At The Barrow-Civic Theatre, Franklin, Pa.
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It will freeze like that

1/18/2026

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Milo
​Moments can be caught with a click. The camera can freeze a point in time. Faster shutter speeds have made for hilarious photos. Animals were pictured with flying ears, wagging tongues and priceless expressions. 
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Earl and Milo
​Milo, the goat, has become quite the expert on crazy looks. The tongue action was no doubt testosterone fueled as both Milo and Earl searched for love. The upturned lips and noses were basically signs of bucks in heat. 
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Earl
​Their contorted faces made me think of the saying “your face will freeze like that.”
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Milo, Earl and Gus
​A search of the internet reported that the saying dated back to the 1800s and may be rooted in folklore. The expression was reportedly used to caution children against making silly faces. It suggested that if a child made a face for too long, it might become stuck that way. There were a couple of variations of the expression. They included, “If the wind changes, you’ll stay like that,” and “If a fly lands on your face, it will stay that way.”
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Milo
​With the click of a shutter, the camera froze the goats’ facial expressions that would have been lost to time. Their faces would “stay that way” as long as they were preserved on digital media.
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Milo and Earl
​Meanwhile, the camera also nabbed some headbutting action. Poor testosterone fueled Milo and Earl, could have been sensing the female goats across the road. Those does are off limits to them. They turned their frustration on each other.
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Milo
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Earl
Daily walks were spent chasing and challenging each other. Frozen moments in time made the goats appear to be standing. Other shots netted the goats seemingly flying across the snow or streams. 
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Gus
​However, the goats weren’t the only ones creating unique scenes. Flopping Saint Bernard jowls and flying bloodhound ears were frozen in awkward positions. 
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Jeb and Clem
​Daily dog battles resulted in very interesting action shots. 
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Jeb and Gus
​Sticks pushed up lips and created funny faces. Snow swirled under running paws. 
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​Meanwhile, the camera froze water dripping from icicles. A close-up crop of one of the droplets revealed a blurry reflection of trees.
Reflecting on December’s weather, Franklin ended the month with slightly above average precipitation of 3.46 inches compared to the normal of 3.36 inches, according to National Weather Service data from the station at the Venango Regional Airport. According to the data, December was snowier than normal with 15.8 inches compared to the average of 11.7 inches. 

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Clem and Gus
​It was a little cooler than normal with an average temperature of 35.4 degrees which was below the normal average of 38.1 degrees. The lowest low was 4 degrees on Dec. 9. There wasn’t much competition for that low in recent years, but in 1917 a low of -6 degrees was recorded.
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Jeb
​A high temperature of 57 degrees was observed on Dec. 29 and 30, according to the data.

The U.S. Drought Monitor report released on Jan. 22 categorized all of Venango County as abnormally dry with Forest County and parts of Clarion County remaining in the moderate drought slot.
​
The accumulation to date for Dec. 31, 2025, was 41.83 inches which was lower than the normal of 46.33 inches, according to weather service data. 
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Milo and Earl
​Meanwhile, a January Facebook post by the National Integrated Drought Information System depicted a graphic that predicted an end to drought conditions in Venango County from January through March 31. 
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Earl and Milo
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Gus
​While Mother Nature was actively freezing water, the camera was busy freezing moments in time.

​Those included adorably awkward looks. 
​I often used the funny, funky faces for Facebook profile pictures.

If I could get a laugh or chuckle at my animal’s expense it was worth it.

​After all, their survival is at my expense. 
​No animals were harmed during the filming of this project.

Well, Clem’s ear was a little ripped up.

​That’s just the nature of things ‘round here. 
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Clem
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A complete view

1/12/2026

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Nodding ladies' tresses
​Big pictures are made up of small details. That thought came from, of all places, quotes posted on the internet. I searched for inspiration about detailed photography. Two quotes appeared quite promising to me.

​A quote attributed to Sanford I. Weill, said, “Details create the big picture.”

Another quote said, “When you pay attention to detail, the big picture will take care of itself.”  That statement was attributed to Georges St-Pierre.
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Cone flower bloom
​The background of those quoted was surprising. I thought maybe the two statements were from artists or photographers. 

I was wrong.

Sanford I. Weill is the founder of Citigroup, a financier and philanthropist. Georges St-Pierre is a mixed martial artist.
​
Nonetheless, photography can help reveal intricate details that add up creating a bigger picture. 
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Old man of the woods mushroom
​Close-up photos of mushrooms and fungus aided me in identifying them. The photos revealed textures and details that one might miss just walking by. Having a side-by-side comparison was especially helpful when looking up information in mushroom field guides.
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Oyster mushrooms
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Chicken of the woods
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Eyelash cup
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Black trumpets
​Pictures of the mushrooms’ undersides displayed the difference between gills and pores. A zoom lens was especially helpful with those fungi located 20 or more feet up a tree.
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A closer look at the top of an old man of the woods mushroom displayed a unique surface. Photos of a few black trumpets revealed lovely patterns and textures. The photos were a little deceptive as the mushrooms aren’t that large.
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Chocolate tube slime mold
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Dacrymyces palmatus, or orange jelly fungus
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Possible parasola plicatilis mushroom or pleated ink cap
​Some Facebook posts that were of mushroom spores under a microscope inspired me.

I tried to get a few spores to come into focus, but I wasn’t successful.

​I did smush the gills against the glass slide and discovered something moving. There were nematodes, worms or some type of larva hidden in the gills.  
​Meanwhile, I was able to see some pollen under the microscope. While, not fungus, the ghost pipe is a perennial wildflower that uses fungi to feed.
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Ghost pipe
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Ghost pipe
“Ghost Pipe is unlike most plants because it doesn’t rely on sunlight for energy. It doesn’t contain chlorophyll, so it doesn’t photosynthesize. Instead, it taps into fungi that connect to tree roots, getting nutrients indirectly from the trees,” said a post on naturalistguide.com. ​
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Ghost pipe pollen
Meanwhile an April article posted by Penn State stated that the plant has garnered some interest from a research team.

​The study’s authors claimed that there was an uptick in the harvest and economic trade of this plant due to social media and the internet.

​People were starting to use the mysterious plant for medicinal purposes.

Team leader and senior author on the study Eric Burkhart, was quoted as saying, “As a wild harvested species, little has been documented about its use throughout the U.S. and any growing conservation needs.
This study helps to inform future research and education efforts so that consumer safety and wild conservation efforts can both be appropriately targeted and aligned.”     
​Zooming in on a couple of native orchids unveiled intricate blooms that made up a set of blossoms.

While the group of tiny flowers made the plants visible, there was so much more going on with a closer look.

​Both downy rattlesnake plantain and nodding ladies’ tresses sport showy small white flowers that grow on one stem. 
​A close-up photo of whorled yellow loosestrife revealed a spider hanging out in the background. 
​Meanwhile, the microscope uncovered the reason for the neighbor’s pond being green this summer.

​As the summer warmed up and the rain lessened the green hue covered more and more areas.

​The emerald coloring was due to tiny, microscopic creatures in the euglena family. 
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Downy rattlesnake plantain
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Euglena bloom
Eventually cooler weather controlled the spread of the little critters. ​
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Euglena
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Euglena
​Zooming on other woodland creatures created the illusion of tiny orange dinosaurs roaming around the forest floor.

Earlier this year when things were moist in the woods, I saw as many as ten of these tiny creatures on my walk. I only got photos of eight.
​

Meanwhile a May 31 Facebook post on the Warren-based Allegheny Outfitters’ page told of viewing the red eft newt as well.
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Red eft newts
“In the first two miles on Toms Run, we averaged 10 red eft newt per mile (npm). Once we picked up Ironwood trail, that declined drastically to a disappointing two newt per mile. But those adorable little salamanders in their orange suits really picked things up at the end, averaging 19.3333333 newt per mile for the final 1.5 once back on Tanbark and Toms Run,” the post stated.
​
“A whopping 53 red eft newts over 5.5 miles, with an overall average of 9.6363636364 newts per mile!,” the post concluded.

I surmised that I had roughly about that same average on my walk. We cover up to a mile on our daily treks. 
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Northern pearly eye butterfly
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Pinecone
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Common whitetail dragonfly
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Teaberries
​However, sometimes we can get wrapped up in small details. With a few steps back the big picture comes into focus. At a glimpse, the ghost pipe is a unique tiny parasitic wildflower. A closer look at the plant may reveal a bigger medicinal benefit.
​
That’s just the nature of things ‘round here. 
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    Author

    "The Nature of Things" features the writings and photographs of Anna Applegate, who is a lifelong resident of Pinegrove Township, Venango County. She is a graduate of Cranberry High School and Clarion University. After a 15-year career in the local news industry, she made a change and now works at a steel finishing plant in Sandycreek Township. She is a avid lover of animals and nature, and a gifted photographer.

    ​Very happy to be able to share Anna's great "The Nature of Things" blog.

    Check out Anna's other artwork here!
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